Perfumes, much like wines, can be quite perplexing. The descriptions on bottles often use elaborate language ("with an oud base that grounds the heady top notes") and the various fragrance categories (can a scent be both woody and spicy?) can be overwhelming. To help you navigate this, we’ve defined 8 key common perfume terms you might encounter.
Sillage
Pronounced "see-yazh," sillage describes the scent trail left by a perfume. It’s the lingering fragrance you notice when someone leaves a room, like catching a whiff of Chloé as someone steps off an elevator. A perfume with strong sillage is ideal for making a lasting impression.
Note
A note is akin to an ingredient in a perfume and is categorized into three levels: top, middle, and base. The top note is the initial scent you detect, followed by the middle (or "heart") note as the top evaporates, and finally, the base note, which is the scent that lingers on your skin. Understanding the notes in a perfume can help you choose one that develops pleasingly throughout the day.
Drydown
Drydown refers to the final phase of a perfume’s wear when the top and middle notes fade, leaving only the base note. The duration and scent of the drydown are unique to each person, which is why the same perfume can smell different on different people. This phase is crucial for determining if a perfume truly suits you.
Accord
In perfumery, an accord is a blend of two or more notes that create a new, unified scent. Think of it as a harmonious chord in music. An accord is essential for the complexity and uniqueness of a fragrance.
Gourmand
This fragrance category features sweet scents reminiscent of kitchen or bakery items, such as honey, vanilla, chocolate, or fruits like raspberry. Notable gourmand perfumes include Heaven No. 38 inspired by Thierry Mugler Angel. Gourmand scents are perfect for those who enjoy cozy, edible aromas.
Aldehydes
Aldehydes are aromatic compounds found in natural materials (like roses) but can also be synthetically produced. They add a distinct zest or sparkle to fragrances, with Classy No. 30 inspired by Chanel No. 5 being a famous example. Aldehydes can give a perfume a fresh, airy quality.
Concentration
Perfumes come in four main strength concentrations: parfum, eau de parfum, eau de toilette, and eau de cologne, in descending order of strength. The concentration indicates the ratio of perfume oil to alcohol, with higher concentrations lasting longer on the skin. Knowing the concentration helps you understand the longevity and intensity of a fragrance.
Oriental
Also known as amber fragrances, this category features rich, warm notes such as frankincense and amber. Oriental perfumes are typically more intense and longer-lasting. Examples include Addicted No. 3 inspired by Black Opium. These scents are perfect for evening wear or cooler weather due to their depth and warmth.
Understanding these key perfume terms can enhance your fragrance experience and help you make more informed choices. Whether you're seeking a scent with impressive sillage, a captivating drydown, or a gourmand delight, knowing the language of perfume will guide you to your perfect match. Happy scent hunting!
